" Bilan, No. 12, October 1934 *
Esistono due criteri per la comprensione degli avvenimenti: due opposte piattaforme sulle quali si effettua la concentrazione della classe operaia . Solo così potremo analizzare le ultime ecatombi nelle quali sono periti migliaia di proletari della Penisola Iberica, fucilati, mitragliati, bombardati dalla "Repubblica dei lavoratori spagnoli". O la Repubblica, le libertà democratiche, non sono che un potente diversivo sollevato dal nemico quando gli è impossibile impiegare la violenza e il terrore per annientare il proletariato. O la Repubblica e le libertà democratiche rappresentano un male minore e perfino una condizione favorevole alla marcia vittoriosa del proletariato, che have a duty to support them to facilitate his attack further seek to unlock the chains of capitalism.
The terrible carnage of recent days in Spain should exclude the small combine the "strength", according to which the Republic is indeed a "worker wins" to defend, but under "certain conditions" and, above all, in the "measure" that is not what is the condition that "becomes" what can not become, and, finally, "if" far from the meaning and objectives which is about to become the organ of the domain of the working class.
This little game becomes too difficult with regard to the circumstances which have preceded the civil war in Spain, where capitalism has given the measure of its strength against the proletariat. In fact, since its founding in April of 1931 until December 1931, the "march to the left" of the English Republic, the formation of the government-Lerroux Azana-Caballero, the amputation of his right wing, represented by Lerroux in December 1931, does not result in any event of conditions conducive to the advancement of the positions of the proletariat or the formation of bodies capable of directing the revolutionary struggle. And this is not just to see what he should do what the government Republican and Radical-Socialist's Health ... communist revolution, but it is about whether this conversion to the left or the far left of capitalism, this concert was unanimous by the Socialists to the union to defend the republic, created, yes or no, the conditions for the development of workers' achievements and the march of the revolutionary proletariat. Or even better, if this conversion left was not dictated by the need for capitalism, to intoxicate the workers shaken by a profound revolutionary fervor, why not switch to the revolutionary struggle , because the way that the bourgeoisie was taken in October 1934 was too risky nel 1931 e gli operai, in quel periodo, avrebbero potuto vincere in un momento in cui il capitalismo non era nella possibilità di reclutare gli eserciti della repressione feroce.
D'altra parte, il separatismo catalano o basco , che era stato considerato come una breccia aperta nell'apparato di dominio del nemico, breccia che bisognava allargare fino alle sue conseguenze più estreme per fare in seguito progredire il corso della rivoluzione proletaria, non aveva forse dato la misura della sua forza erigendo una Repubblica Catalana... per qualche ora (Repubblica che sparì dolorosamente sotto i colpi dello stesso generale Batlet che Companys invitava alla difesa della Catalogna che proclamava its independence)? And, in Asturias, the armed forces, police, aviation have not thrown for weeks against the miners and workers without any guidance in their heroic struggle? The Basque separatists, who with his protests of recent months did not announce that the storm was approaching, leave and destroy the struggles of Asturias, in addition, the battalions of terror will be directed by a separatist government that tomorrow will no doubt , a new oath of allegiance to the Republic and the regional autonomy.
From 1930 to 1934 a consistency of steel down the logic of events. In 1930 Berenguer was called by King Alfonso XIII che spera di poter ripetere la manovra del 1923, quando giunse a contenere nel quadro della legalità monarchica le conseguenze del disastro marocchino. Nel 1923, Primo de Rivera sostituisce Berenguer, considerato come il responsabile del disastro in Marocco, e questa modifica governativa permette di allontanare l'attacco delle masse che, evidentemente, dovevano fare le spese dell'operazione governativa che si concludeva con sette anni di dittatura clerico-agraria. Ma, nel 1930, la situazione economica era profondamente sconvolta dall'apparizione della crisi e non era più sufficiente far ricorso a delle semplici manovre governative. Nel febbraio 1931 le condizioni erano già mature per dei movimenti proletari ed esisteva la minaccia di un sciopero railway workers: you must then make use of big plays and shots are offered to the masses of the heads of the king and Berenguer. War and the intervention of the monarchy in agreement with the Republican Zamora is organized before the departure of the king of the workers from the factories.
The movement toward the enlargement of the left continues to the end of 1931 and is the only way that you put the masses in the face of extreme difficulties in forging the body of victory: his class party. As it was not possible to eliminate the conflicts of class, capitalism could not put these conflicts in such conditions that they could not only lead to confusion without output. And the Republic is to this end. In early 1932, the leftist government made its first test and go to the violent attack on the general strike proclaimed by the trade union. At this time the concentration of capital is around his left wing and reactionary Maura plebiscite will make the government Azana-Caballero for the Republican Cortes. The momentum of the masses, produced by economic circumstances, was broken, having lost in the paths of the Republic and democracy, the reactionary violence of the radical-socialist government.
This results in a conversion of the bourgeoisie opposed to his right wing : In August of 1932 we will have the first skirmish of Sanjurjo for the concentration of the forces of right. A few months later, in December 1933 and the massacre of workers in the new strike by the union decided, when the elections give the opportunity to move to the right orientation of the English Republic. Consequently, the October 1934 marks the battle front to destroy all forces and organizations of the English proletariat . And how sad and cruel epilogue of footsteps followed by trade unionists, we will come, in the presence of such a massacre, all ' abstaining Anarchist Confederation of Labour [CNT] who believes that he can not mix in political movements ...
Left-right; republic-monarchy support for the left and right and to the republic against the monarchy for the proletarian revolution, here are the dilemmas and positions that have defended the different currents at work within the working class. But the dilemma was different and consisted in the opposition: capitalist-proletariat, dictatorship of the bourgeoisie for the annihilation of the proletariat or the dictatorship of the proletariat for the erection of a bastion of world revolution and ultimate elimination of states and classes .
Although the English economy has benefited from the advantages acquired during the war to its position of neutrality, the structure of this capitalism offered a weak resistance to economic shocks. An industry is too small compared to an agrarian economy too large and still dominated by forces and non-industrialized forms of production. These fundamentals explain why industrial regions are the scene of separatist movements in land-locked and have to buy a reactionary sense, the fact that the ruling class is capitalism, which extends throughout the brand of banking organizations where they are concentrated - around big tycoons - the product of the proletarians of the capital gains and capital gains of the peasants. Such an economic basis without a glimpse of the prospect which opens to the English working class, which is in similar terms as understood by the Russian workers: in front of a class that can not establish that his dominion with a dictatorship of iron and blood, can not beat this domain ferocious with the triumph of his revolution.
And the English tragedy, like that of Austria, will take place in disregard of the world proletariat immobilized from the counter of the centrists and Socialists. A simple offer from the JV, which will be rejected by the International Social Democrat on the pretext that the favorable moment has already passed. As if, after the victory of Hitler, when the time was favorable, but this time, past, had not addressed the International Social Democratic proposals for joint action JV! But the rot and corruption of bodies still dare to proclaim that these workers are, on the cemeteries of the proletariat, the traitors of yesterday and tomorrow will only sketch a maneuver that would enable them to continue the work of treason, until the day which workers can not manage to wipe out the class that oppresses them, all the forces that betrayed them. The thousands of English workers did not die in vain, because the blood of which is wet the English Republic, germinate the struggle for the communist revolution, breaking down all the distractions that the enemy will not cease to oppose the march of liberating the working class.
* "Bilan", organ of the Italian Fraction of the ICL. See [Philippe Bourrinet ] The Italian Communist Left. 1927-1952 , CCI , 1984.
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